免
miǎn HSK4

(hat), avoid

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approved by inralback19 · Oct 2, 2025, 01:52 AM · Reviewed by Prismcool on Oct 7, 2025, 03:32 PM

change

Changed fields: gloss, hint

Original meaning: hat

Pictograph of a person with a ceremonial hat, now written as 冕. The current meaning is a phonetic loan.

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartmjenXmr[o][r]ʔ avoid

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫季旭昇《說文新證》p.640-641林志強《《文源》評注》p.410
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica