yàn

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approved by Marcus Ngai · Apr 1, 2026, 01:06 PM · Reviewed by Marcus Ngai on Apr 1, 2026, 01:06 PM

Got rid of the extra fluff, as explanation is already on the component, making explanation in the description unnecessary.

Changed fields: hint

Original meaning: to push down on

Original form of . Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Components

Meaning component
chǎng cliff, (roof)

The outer walls of buildings in premodern China were filled with earth that was packed down (). This is one of the cases where the forms of 广 (building) and (cliff) were used interchangeably to mean the same thing.

Change in meaning
hints at the original meaning of , "to push down on", which is no longer the most common meaning of in modern Mandarin.
Sound component
yàn satiate, eat one's fill

Character Evolution

Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Jin 266-316 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagart'jiepʔep press (v.)
'jiemʔem contented (adj.)

說文解字

《說文》:“厭,笮也。从厂,猒聲。一曰:合也。”

Sources

Character origin
李学勤《字源》p.832The Outlier Linguistics Dictionary of Chinese Characters
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica