← Back to history
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Bronze Early Warring States ~400 BC
Bronze Qin 221-206 BC
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD Regular Modern
Slightly changed wording
Changed fields: hint, components
Origin unclear. Composed of 辛 (chisel) and 丙 (pedestal) with 口 being later added as a distinguishing component for the name of an ancient kingdom.
Components
Character Evolution
Historical Pronunciations
| Middle Chinese | Old Chinese | Gloss | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baxter-Sagart | syang | s-taŋ | musical note |
| syang | s-taŋ | (place name) | |
| syang | s-taŋ | estimate; business; trader |
說文解字
《說文》:“商,从外知內也。从,章省聲。,古文商。,亦古文商。,籀文商。”
Sources
- Readings & variants
- Unicode
- Historical pronunciations
- Baxter-Sagart
- Historical images
- Academia Sinica
- Etymology
- Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)