癸
guǐ

10th heavenly stem

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approved by Prismcool · Aug 31, 2023, 06:32 PM · Reviewed by Prismcool on Aug 31, 2023, 06:32 PM

Changed to unknown origin.

Changed fields: hint, originalMeaning, customSources

Origin unclear. Various explanations include (1) a pictograph of a type of ancient weapon, which could be the original form of 戣, (2) pictograph of four leaves growing opposite from each other or the head of a sunflower, which could be the original form of 葵, or (3) pictograph of two arrows intersecting each other. Either way, the original form is unrelated to the current meaning.

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Warring States ~300 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Seal form
Seal Jin 266-420 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Xin 9-23 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Xin 9-23 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Jin 266-420 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartkjwijXkʷijʔ 10th heavenly stem

說文解字

《說文》:“癸,冬時水土平,可揆度也。象水從四方流入地中之形。癸承壬,象人足。,籀文从癶,从矢。”

Sources

Character origin
季旭昇《說文新證》p.969-970Wenlin Dictionaries漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica