臤

to gouge out an eye

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approved by Peter Olson · Sep 3, 2021, 05:07 PM · Reviewed by Peter Olson on Sep 3, 2021, 05:07 PM

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Depicts a hand (又) gouging an eye (臣).

Components

臣
臣 Sound component

The pronunciation of 臤 was similar to 臣 in old Chinese, but they no longer sound similar in modern Mandarin due to historical phonetic changes.

又
又 Meaning component

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Old Chinese
Zhengzhangkʰaːn
kʰriːn
ɡiːn
kʰins

說文解字

《說文》：“臤，堅也。从又，臣聲。讀若‘鏗鏘’之‘鏗’。古文以為賢字。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Zhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)