- 上 adjectivenounuppertop; higher; superior; better; used to describe something in a higher position or rank
- [suffix](literary) a suffix used after adjectives or adverbs to describe an appearance or state, similar to 然 .
- 者 pronoun[pronoun](bound form) used after a number or direction word to refer back to people or things previously mentioned; translates as "the ... one" (e.g. "the former", "the two")