shànghuáng
retired emperor
上皇 shànghuáng
- retired emperor
- the father of an emperor who has abdicated the throne; a retired emperor
- God of Heaven
- (literary) the supreme deity or God of Heaven; also used to refer to the ancient deity 东皇太一 dōnghuángtàiyī in the culture of the Chu State
- ancient sovereign
- (literary) a ruler from remote antiquity, such as the legendary figure 伏羲 fúxī