- 不 adverbnotNegative adverb used before verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs to indicate negation; also used as a bound-form prefix to form terms with opposite meanings
- 言 verbadverbto sayto speak; to talk; to state or tell
- 而 particleconjunction[adverbial linker]Connects an adverb-like description to the following verb to show the manner, cause, or basis of an action.
- 喻 adjectiveto understand(bound form) to understand or know