- 不 adverbnotNegative adverb used before verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs to indicate negation; also used as a bound-form prefix to form terms with opposite meanings
- 进 進 verbto advanceTo move forward or upward; to make progress; opposite of 退 .
- 则 則 conjunctionadverbthenUsed between clauses to show a logical result or consequence, often translated as "then", "in that case", or "consequently".
- 退 verbto retreatto move backward; to withdraw or pull back