- 竞争 jìngzhēng to competeto compete; competition; a contest between two or more parties for an advantage or victory
- 战争 zhànzhēng warwar; warfare; armed conflict between nations, groups, or classes
- 斗争 dòuzhēng struggle; to fightA conflict, fight, or battle; to strive to overcome an opponent or obstacle, often for a specific cause
- 争取 zhēngqǔ to strive forto strive for, fight for, or compete for; to work hard to achieve something or win someone over
- 竞争力 jìngzhēnglì competitivenesscompetitive strength; the ability to compete effectively against others
- 争夺 zhēngduó to fight overto vie for or contest; to scramble for something while refusing to back down
- 争议 zhēngyì controversya disagreement, dispute, or controversy, especially one that is public and prolonged
- 力争 lìzhēng to work hard forTo do all one can to achieve something; to strive for; to vie for.
- 争霸 zhēngbà to strive for supremacyto contend for hegemony or a dominant position; to struggle for mastery in a high-level competition
- 争吵 zhēngchǎo to quarrelto quarrel, wrangle, or dispute loudly and heatedly
- 争论 zhēnglùn to argueto argue, debate, or dispute; to contend over different opinions
- 阶级斗争 jiējídòuzhēng class struggleConflict between different social classes, typically between an exploited class and an exploiting class; a central concept in Marxist theory.
- 争执 zhēngzhí to disputeto argue or disagree while stubbornly holding onto one's own opinion; to wrangle
- 抗日战争 kàngrìzhànzhēng War of Resistance Against JapanThe defensive war fought by China against Japanese aggression between 1937 and 1945; a major theater of World War II.
- 抗争 kàngzhēng to resist; resistanceto make a stand against; to resist; to struggle or protest against something (e.g. an unfair situation)
- 争端 zhēngduān disputeconflict; controversy; the cause or matter of a disagreement that is difficult to resolve
- 争斗 zhēngdòu to fightto fight; to brawl; to engage in a physical altercation
- 争相 zhēngxiāng to vie with each otherto compete or fall over each other in an eagerness to do something
- 争气 zhēngqì to work hard to excelTo resolve on improvement and work hard to win honor; determined not to fall short or lose face.
- 争辩 zhēngbiàn to argueto argue, contend, or wrangle
- 争抢 zhēngqiǎng to scramble forto fight over or grab something; to scramble for; to compete for
- 竞争者 jìngzhēngzhě competitorcompetitor; rival; contestant
- 纷争 fēnzhēng disputea conflict, struggle, or point of contention
- 竞争性 jìngzhēngxìng competitiveness; competitivethe quality or state of being competitive
- 侵略战争 qīnlüèzhànzhēng war of aggressiona war of aggression or invasion
- 争夺战 zhēngduózhàn struggle for controla battle or contest for territory or control; a struggle for ownership or market share
- 有争议 yǒuzhēngyì controversialto be controversial or contested; disputed
- 争光 zhēngguāng to win honorto win honor or glory; to do credit to someone or something
- 解放战争 jiěfàngzhànzhēng war of liberationwar fought by an oppressed class or nation for freedom
- 争先恐后 zhēngxiānkǒnghòu to strive to be firststriving to be first and fearing to be last; outdoing one another in a race to get something first
- 恶性竞争 èxìngjìngzhēng cutthroat competitionvicious or cutthroat competition; competing by any means necessary without regard for the consequences, such as in a price war
- 人民战争 rénmínzhànzhēng people's warA war in which the masses are organized and armed to fight against class oppression or foreign invasion; specifically, the military strategy advocated by Mao Zedong where ordinary citizens provide total support for a campaign.
- 鸦片战争 yāpiànzhànzhēng Opium WarThe Opium Wars, specifically the conflict between Great Britain and China from 1840 to 1842, and often including the second conflict from 1856 to 1860.
- 争先 zhēngxiān to compete to be firstto vie for first place; to rush to be ahead of others
- 百家争鸣 bǎijiāzhēngmíng hundred schools of thought contendRefers to the period of academic and philosophical flourishing during the Warring States period; in modern usage, it refers to the free expression and debate between different schools of thought.
- 争论不休 zhēnglùnbùxiū to argue endlesslyto debate or argue unceasingly; to carry on a dispute without end
- 南北战争 nánběizhànzhēng American Civil WarThe internal war in the United States from 1861 to 1865 between the Northern and Southern states over economic differences and the issue of slavery.
- 明争暗斗 míngzhēng'àndòu to fight openly and covertly(idiom) to engage in both open strife and veiled struggle; describes a situation where people are competing intensely with one another both in the open and behind the scenes
- 相争 xiāngzhēng to compete; conflictto compete or fight with each other; mutual aggression or conflict
- 争分夺秒 zhēngfēnduómiǎo to race against timeto make every second count; to work at top speed and not waste a single moment
- 争鸣 zhēngmíng to chirp in competition(of birds) to compete in singing or chirping
- 力争上游 lìzhēngshàngyóu to strive for progressto strive for mastery; to aim high and work hard to achieve the best possible results
- 无可争议 wúkězhēngyì indisputableindisputable; irrefutable; undeniable; beyond any doubt or controversy
- 核战争 hézhànzhēng nuclear warA war fought using nuclear weapons.
- 争胜 zhēngshèng to strive for victoryTo compete for first place or the upper hand; to strive to win
- 争议性 zhēngyìxìng controversialhaving the quality of causing disagreement or debate; controversial
- 据理力争 jùlǐlìzhēng to argue strongly on the basis of reasonTo contend on strong grounds or argue forcefully for what is right, typically to defend one's rights or viewpoints based on established facts or logic
- 与世无争 yǔshìwúzhēng to be aloof from the world(idiom) to stand aloof from worldly affairs; to have no conflict with anyone and live a detached or carefree life
- 自由竞争 zìyóujìngzhēng free competitionThe economic practice of unrestrained competition where businesses can freely invest, produce, and sell products to maximize profit; often contrasted with monopoly.
Sources
- Frequency data
- MTSU Chinese text computingSUBTLEX-CH