- 以 prepositionby means ofto use; by means of; with; using the tool or method introduced
- 笔 筆 nounpenwriting or drawing instrument; pen; pencil; writing brush
- 代 prepositionverbto substituteto take the place of; to act on behalf of another; to replace
- to work in a fieldto engage in a specific profession or intellectual pursuit, often used metaphorically for teaching or writing