slang; vulgar or colloquial expressions used in popular speech; often informal or dialectal in nature

vulgar; unrefined; crude and lacking in elegance

Simple and plain songs of the common people, characterized by rustic style and straightforward language

popular folk songs or common ballads

Common folk sayings, proverbs, and colloquialisms passed down locally or through generations

Common or coarse spoken language; slang or rustic expressions; also written [[俚语|俚語|li3 yu3]]

common saying or folk proverb; also written as [[民谚|民諺|min2 yan4]]

Internet slang; netspeak; cyberspeak

coarse and vulgar; crude in speech or writing

vulgar; philistine; crude and shallow in manner or language