- 先天性 xiāntiānxìng innatenessthe quality of being innate or inherent; the state of being congenital
- 先天不足 xiāntiānbùzú congenital deficiencySuffering from an inborn weakness or nutritional deficiency during the embryonic stage; physically weak from birth
- 先天不足，后天失调 xiāntiānbùzúhòutiānshītiáo to be inherently weak and poorly raisedTo be born with a weak constitution and suffer from poor health throughout life; used figuratively to describe a project or person that is problematic from the start and gets even worse over time.
- 先天与后天 xiāntiānyǔhòutiān nature versus nurtureThe debate or relationship between heredity and environment; nature versus nurture
- 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 xiāntiānxiàzhīyōu'éryōuhòutiānxiàzhīlè'érlè to care first and enjoy lastTo be the first to worry about the affairs of the state and the last to enjoy oneself; originally a quote from the Song dynasty writer [[范仲淹|范仲淹|fan4 zhong4 yan1]] in his essay [[岳阳楼记|岳陽樓記|yue4 yang2 lou2 ji4]] expressing self-sacrifice for the public good.
- 先天性免疫 xiāntiānxìngmiǎnyì innate immunitythe non-specific defense mechanism that a living organism is born with to resist certain pathogens
- 先天性畸形 xiāntiānxìngjīxíng congenital malformationA physical deformity or birth defect present from birth, such as a cleft lip or extra digits; it may be caused by genetic factors, maternal malnutrition, or environmental influences.
- 先天性缺陷 xiāntiānxìngquēxiàn birth defecta physical or functional abnormality present at birth; congenital defect
- 先天愚型 xiāntiānyúxíng Down syndrome(old) Down syndrome; trisomy 21
