- 五胡十六国 Wǔhú Shíliùguó Sixteen KingdomsSixteen Kingdoms of Five non-Han people (ruling most of China 304-439)
- 十六国 Shíliùguó Sixteen KingdomsSixteen Kingdoms of Five non-Han people (ruling most of China 304-439)
- 十六国春秋 Shíliùguó Chūnqiū Sixteen Kingdoms Annalshistory of the Sixteen Kingdoms (304-439) by Cui Hong, written towards the end of Northern Wei; 100 scrolls
