- 修身养性 xiūshēnyǎngxìng to cultivate one's characterto cultivate one's moral character and nurture one's spiritual or emotional temperament; to strive for self-improvement and inner peace
- 修心养性 xiūxīnyǎngxìng to cultivate oneselfto cultivate the heart and nurture the character; to improve one's mind and character through meditation or self-reflection
- 怡情养性 yíqíngyǎngxìng to nurture the spiritto contribute to inner tranquility; to gladden the heart and cultivate one's character