long and tedious; redundant or superfluous, especially regarding speech or writing

redundant; superfluous; (of data, systems, etc.) redundancy

superfluous staff; unnecessary personnel who have no work to do; also known as [[冗官|冗官|rong3 guan1]]

(literary) polite expression used to ask someone to push aside their busy schedule to find time to do something

diverse and complicated; describes affairs or duties that are numerous and disorganized

many and varied in a way that is disorderly or confused; typically describes work or daily affairs that are tedious and unorganized

(literary) redundant or superfluous officials; those holding a sinecure

excessively detailed and complicated; miscellaneous and burdensome

unnecessary or redundant expenditures; wasteful spending

superfluous and burdensome; wordy and redundant

diverse and complicated, often describing busy and trivial affairs; also written as [[繁冗|繁冗|fan2 rong3]]

miscellaneous affairs; various minor or trivial tasks

a position or job post that is unnecessary; a redundant role

superfluous troops; idle or useless soldiers that exceed the number actually needed

too many or excessive; complicated and messy

idle and leisurely; unemployed or having no official duties

superfluous or redundant words in a piece of writing, or unnecessary strokes in a painting or calligraphy

a post or job that is unnecessary or provides no real work; redundant position

the use of more words than are necessary to convey meaning; redundant language

superfluous words; tautology

unnecessarily wordy language or repetitive phrases; pleonasm

verbose speech; wordy language or redundancy

excessive and unnecessary taxes or miscellaneous levies

(linguistics) expletive; a word or phrase used to fill out a sentence without adding much meaning

tautology; superfluous words

the degree or level of redundancy

a long speech or series of speeches used to delay or prevent a vote in a legislative assembly

to eat without working; to be a parasite; to live on others' labor; to eat at public expense while performing no useful duty

(literary) officials with light duties or spare time; supernumeraries