rural area; farming village; a place where farming populations live and work

peasant; farmer; person engaged in agricultural labor; also written [[农人|農人|nong2 ren2]]

agriculture; farming; the industry of growing crops and raising livestock, which in a broad sense also includes forestry, animal husbandry, and fishing

farm; place or business enterprise used for large-scale agricultural production

A worker from a rural area who moves to a city to find work, typically in construction or service industries.

agricultural products; farm produce

peasant or farmer household that makes its living primarily from agriculture

agricultural chemical; farm chemicals used to kill pests and weeds or to regulate crop growth

Ministry of Agriculture; Department of Agriculture

farmland; cropland; cultivated land used for growing crops

Political class category defined during land reform in China, referring to poor peasants and those with very little land who were barely self-sufficient.

A peasant or farming family; the household of someone who works the land for a living.

The traditional Chinese agricultural calendar, which combines solar and lunar cycles; also known as [[阴历|陰曆|yin1 li4]], [[旧历|舊曆|jiu4 li4]], or [[夏历|夏曆|xia4 li4]]

agricultural crops; farm produce grown for food, oil, fiber, or other uses

(bound form) for agricultural use; designed for farming or for the use of farmers

A marketplace where farm produce and related items are sold; often used to refer to a wet market

Agricultural products and the products of side activities; farming products in general

farm implements; tools used for agricultural production, ranging from manual tools to machinery

agricultural machinery or equipment; abbreviation for [[农业机械|農業機械|nong2 ye4 ji1 xie4]]

Workers and peasants; the working and farming classes

(abbreviation) farming materials or means of agricultural production, such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and machinery

industry and agriculture; the combined fields of industrial and agricultural production

workers, peasants, and soldiers; a collective term for the masses or the proletariat in mainland China

farmer; peasant; traditionally used to refer to a man who works in agriculture

A peasant who owns little or no land or tools and survives by renting land or selling their labor; specifically used as a class designation for poor peasants in pre-1949 China

Tax levied by the state on units or individuals engaged in agricultural production based on their agricultural income.

agriculture and forestry; farming and forestry

(Mainland China) to provide aid and support to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers

People engaged in farming and animal husbandry, specifically referring to the group formed by [[农民|農民|nong2 min2]] and [[牧民|牧民|mu4 min2]].

(abbreviation) agricultural technology or techniques; farming skills

farm; ranch; manor estate

an elderly farmer

to reclaim wasteland for farming or agricultural use

agricultural tasks such as plowing, planting, and harvesting

a farmer who specializes in growing vegetables for a living

(abbreviation) agricultural production cooperative, specifically the collective economic organizations established by farmers in mainland China during the 1950s

the engineering of water systems for farmland, including irrigation, water storage, and drainage to prevent flooding and improve agricultural yields

Agricultural Bank of China; one of the four largest commercial banks in China

the owner or manager of a farm

The combined industries of farming and livestock breeding.

social class of farmers in modern Chinese history whose economic status was between poor and rich peasants, generally relying on their own labor rather than exploitation

to be engaged in agriculture; to work the land; to make a living as a farmer

Divine Husbandman; legendary founder of Chinese agriculture and medicine said to have taught people how to farm and to have tasted hundreds of herbs to test their medicinal properties. One of the [[三皇|三皇|san1 huang2]] and often identified with the Flame Emperor [[炎帝|炎帝|yan2 di4]].

a social class of people who farm their own land but primarily live off the labor of others; specifically used to describe a status between [[地主|地主|di4 zhu3]] and [[贫农|貧農|pin2 nong2]] in rural China before the late 1940s

a farmer who specializes in growing fruit trees and producing fruit

A collective term for both farmers and industrial workers; often used in political or historical contexts

(provincial) department of agriculture

peasant woman; female farm worker

A middle-class peasant who owns some land and tools but still needs to sell a small amount of labor; refers to the lower tier of the middle-peasant class in political contexts.