{"type":"character","character":{"character":"剛","codepoint":"U+525B","gloss":"hard","iconicGloss":null,"hint":"Phonosemantic compound. 刂 represents the meaning and 岡 represents the sound. ","originalMeaning":null,"strokeCountSimp":10,"strokeCountTrad":10,"isVerified":true,"components":[{"hint":"","type":["sound"],"character":"岡","pinyin":["gāng"],"gloss":"ridge or crest of hill","iconicGloss":null},{"hint":"刂 is a component form of 刀. ","type":["meaning"],"character":"刂","pinyin":["dāo"],"gloss":"knife","iconicGloss":null}],"customSources":["漢語多功能字庫|http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/search.php?word=%E5%89%9B"],"simplifiedVariants":["刚"],"traditionalVariants":null,"variantOf":null,"junDaRank":621,"junDaFrequency":64622,"junDaPerMillion":333.956889722052,"subtlexRank":253,"subtlexCount":31325,"subtlexPerMillion":668.75,"subtlexContextDiversity":5755,"hsk2Level":null,"hsk3Level":null,"strokeDataSimp":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[146,713],[179,679],[187,648],[179,372],[167,239],[153,169],[151,106]],[[211,691],[230,680],[493,735],[519,730],[547,704],[550,275],[549,193],[541,142],[525,112],[468,129],[418,155]],[[278,638],[306,605],[318,580]],[[400,679],[418,666],[420,657],[370,553]],[[256,496],[304,501],[414,534],[458,533]],[[336,490],[350,479],[357,462],[355,352],[339,340]],[[250,414],[267,386],[261,308],[266,298],[283,296],[374,323],[417,343]],[[441,444],[461,412],[435,296]],[[659,643],[690,607],[685,312]],[[792,797],[842,756],[837,434],[846,110],[839,76],[820,47],[710,107]]],"strokes":["M 204 696 Q 180 717 153 725 Q 143 726 136 718 Q 132 712 140 700 Q 164 640 162 577 Q 163 325 123 202 Q 113 174 118 153 Q 127 116 139 101 Q 152 86 162 101 Q 199 140 200 291 Q 206 571 218 657 C 221 683 221 683 204 696 Z","M 218 657 Q 219 658 224 659 Q 336 690 472 713 Q 493 719 504 708 Q 517 701 521 638 Q 531 431 516 196 Q 515 162 502 152 Q 489 143 425 161 Q 409 164 410 155 Q 411 148 423 142 Q 478 96 508 63 Q 527 44 539 46 Q 551 47 562 75 Q 578 118 579 180 Q 564 643 584 686 Q 596 707 586 718 Q 576 731 532 754 Q 514 764 455 746 Q 295 709 204 696 C 174 691 189 649 218 657 Z","M 269 629 Q 296 572 313 566 Q 323 562 331 574 Q 335 584 332 601 Q 328 614 312 625 Q 290 644 278 649 Q 271 652 268 643 Q 265 637 269 629 Z","M 396 650 Q 387 616 364 557 Q 363 550 367 547 Q 373 548 377 553 Q 425 625 450 654 Q 460 661 455 668 Q 448 677 430 685 Q 414 692 397 688 Q 387 685 393 672 Q 397 663 396 650 Z","M 354 499 Q 387 512 455 524 Q 462 524 468 533 Q 468 542 451 547 Q 432 560 362 534 Q 358 534 354 532 Q 309 519 249 505 Q 230 501 246 490 Q 255 484 265 479 Q 275 475 290 481 Q 306 487 329 492 L 354 499 Z","M 369 337 Q 376 449 380 458 Q 384 471 379 478 Q 366 491 354 499 C 329 516 323 521 329 492 Q 336 465 337 328 C 337 298 367 307 369 337 Z","M 424 349 Q 394 345 369 337 L 337 328 Q 309 321 286 312 Q 276 309 279 321 Q 289 388 284 398 Q 274 410 259 420 Q 252 424 244 423 Q 237 420 242 407 Q 255 374 248 342 Q 244 311 230 298 Q 218 286 223 277 Q 230 267 243 260 Q 252 256 259 261 Q 283 291 387 317 Q 406 323 418 322 C 448 323 454 353 424 349 Z","M 418 322 Q 419 303 425 290 Q 429 278 439 285 Q 457 298 465 357 Q 478 400 484 405 Q 490 415 484 425 Q 472 437 451 451 Q 444 457 435 453 Q 429 452 430 442 Q 451 412 425 351 Q 424 351 424 349 L 418 322 Z","M 650 630 Q 678 569 656 376 Q 649 343 675 307 L 676 306 Q 685 296 694 306 Q 712 336 713 423 Q 713 552 720 601 Q 727 623 707 633 Q 668 657 654 651 Q 647 644 650 630 Z","M 808 719 Q 812 682 813 123 Q 812 99 800 90 Q 799 90 734 104 Q 701 120 702 108 Q 703 101 723 84 Q 781 27 796 -3 Q 812 -39 827 -41 Q 843 -42 859 -7 Q 878 41 879 118 Q 860 362 865 608 Q 868 699 881 747 Q 897 778 840 801 Q 804 820 785 813 Q 766 806 783 782 Q 805 754 808 719 Z"]},"strokeDataTrad":{"source":"animcjk","medians":[[[142,714],[187,643],[146,101]],[[203,688],[497,736],[551,701],[541,139],[514,95],[414,154]],[[276,638],[322,574]],[[399,684],[425,653],[371,552]],[[249,496],[462,531]],[[339,493],[358,457],[351,327]],[[248,416],[268,380],[254,296],[268,285],[423,340]],[[437,448],[462,407],[433,290]],[[657,644],[690,610],[685,305]],[[783,806],[844,752],[846,112],[816,11],[712,106]]],"strokes":["M204,696Q180,717 153,725Q143,726 136,718Q132,712 140,700Q164,640 162,577Q163,325 123,202Q113,174 118,153Q127,116 139,101Q152,86 162,101Q199,140 200,291Q206,571 218,657C221,671 215,688 204,696Z","M218,657Q219,658 224,659Q336,690 472,713Q493,719 504,708Q517,701 521,638Q531,431 516,196Q515,162 502,152Q489,143 425,161Q409,164 410,155Q411,148 423,142Q478,96 508,63Q527,44 539,46Q551,47 562,75Q578,118 579,180Q564,643 584,686Q596,707 586,718Q576,731 532,754Q514,764 455,746Q295,709 204,696C190,694 205,652 218,657Z","M269,629Q296,572 313,566Q323,562 331,574Q335,584 332,601Q328,614 312,625Q290,644 278,649Q271,652 268,643Q265,637 269,629Z","M396,650Q387,616 364,557Q363,550 367,547Q373,548 377,553Q425,625 450,654Q460,661 455,668Q448,677 430,685Q414,692 397,688Q387,685 393,672Q397,663 396,650Z","M354,499Q387,512 455,524Q462,524 468,533Q468,542 451,547Q432,560 362,534Q358,534 354,532Q309,519 249,505Q230,501 246,490Q255,484 265,479Q275,475 290,481Q306,487 329,492C346,497 346,497 354,499Z","M369,337Q376,449 380,458Q384,471 379,478Q366,491 354,499C347,503 328,501 329,492Q336,465 337,328C337,317 369,326 369,337Z","M424,349Q394,345 369,337C348,331 348,331 337,328Q309,321 286,312Q276,309 279,321Q289,388 284,398Q274,410 259,420Q252,424 244,423Q237,420 242,407Q255,374 248,342Q244,311 230,298Q218,286 223,277Q230,267 243,260Q252,256 259,261Q283,291 387,317Q406,323 418,322C427,322 433,351 424,349Z","M418,322Q419,303 425,290Q429,278 439,285Q457,298 465,357Q478,400 484,405Q490,415 484,425Q472,437 451,451Q444,457 435,453Q429,452 430,442Q451,412 425,351Q424,351 424,349C420,331 420,331 418,322Z","M650,630Q678,569 656,376Q649,343 675,307C676,306 676,306 676,306Q685,296 694,306Q712,336 713,423Q713,552 720,601Q727,623 707,633Q668,657 654,651Q647,644 650,630Z","M808,719Q812,682 813,123Q812,99 800,90Q799,90 734,104Q701,120 702,108Q703,101 723,84Q781,27 796,-3Q812,-39 827,-41Q843,-42 859,-7Q878,41 879,118Q860,362 865,608Q868,699 881,747Q897,778 840,801Q804,820 785,813Q766,806 783,782Q805,754 808,719Z"]},"fragmentsSimp":[[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7],[8,9]],"fragmentsTrad":null,"historicalImages":[{"era":"(~1250-1000 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_0.png","type":"Oracle","source":"academia-sinica","description":"後1.23.4(甲)"},{"era":"Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_1.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"剛爵(金)西周早期"},{"era":"Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_2.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"史墻盤(金)西周中期"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_3.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"信1.02(楚)"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_4.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"郭.性.8(楚)"},{"era":"Shuowen (~100 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_5.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"說文古文"},{"era":"Shuowen (~100 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_6.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"說文‧刀部"},{"era":"Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%9B_7.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"睡.為35(隸)秦"}],"historicalPronunciations":[{"gloss":"strong; hard","pinyin":"gāng","source":"baxter-sagart","oldChinese":"*kˤaŋ ","middleChinese":"kang"}],"shuowenExplanation":"《說文》：“剛，彊，斷也。从刀，岡聲。”","shuowenPronunciation":"古郎切","shuowenPinyin":"gang","pinyinFrequencies":[{"count":873,"pinyin":"gāng"}],"pinyin":["gāng"]},"componentUses":[],"commonWords":[{"simplified":"刚","traditional":"剛","pinyin":"gang1","gloss":"just","definition":"just, barely, or exactly; indicates a short time ago or meeting a precise requirement","perMillion":324.56},{"simplified":"刚刚","traditional":"剛剛","pinyin":"gang1 gang5","gloss":"just","definition":"happening a very short time ago or just recently","perMillion":191.44},{"simplified":"刚才","traditional":"剛才","pinyin":"gang1 cai2","gloss":"just now","definition":"referring to a time in the immediate past; a moment ago","perMillion":187.2},{"simplified":"刚好","traditional":"剛好","pinyin":"gang1 hao3","gloss":"happen to","definition":"by coincidence or chance at a particular moment","perMillion":21.02},{"simplified":"金刚","traditional":"金剛","pinyin":"jin1 gang1","gloss":"diamond","definition":"diamond; an extremely hard mineral used in tools and jewelry","perMillion":9.93136811770781},{"simplified":"刚果","traditional":"剛果","pinyin":"Gang1 guo3","gloss":"Congo","definition":"Congo (Congo-Brazzaville or Congo-Kinshasa)","perMillion":4.67391304155006},{"simplified":"刚性","traditional":"剛性","pinyin":"gang1 xing4","gloss":"rigidity","definition":"rigidity; stiffness","perMillion":4.04942162051456},{"simplified":"刚度","traditional":"剛度","pinyin":"gang1 du4","gloss":"stiffness","definition":"stiffness","perMillion":2.13738801298962},{"simplified":"金刚石","traditional":"金剛石","pinyin":"jin1 gang1 shi2","gloss":"diamond","definition":"the hardest known natural mineral, a crystalline form of carbon used as a gemstone and in industrial applications","perMillion":1.47423102344638},{"simplified":"阳刚","traditional":"陽剛","pinyin":"yang2 gang1","gloss":"masculine","definition":"possessing or exhibiting qualities traditionally associated with men, such as strength, vigor, and firmness","perMillion":1.26109238825201},{"simplified":"刚巧","traditional":"剛巧","pinyin":"gang1 qiao3","gloss":"coincidentally","definition":"by chance, by coincidence, or by good luck","perMillion":1.19},{"simplified":"刚毅","traditional":"剛毅","pinyin":"gang1 yi4","gloss":"resolute","definition":"firm and determined in character; steadfast and unyielding","perMillion":1.16798697397447},{"simplified":"刚强","traditional":"剛強","pinyin":"gang1 qiang2","gloss":"firm","definition":"firm and unyielding","perMillion":1.09384255963823},{"simplified":"刚烈","traditional":"剛烈","pinyin":"gang1 lie4","gloss":"unyielding","definition":"resolute and upright in character; staunch and firm in temperament","perMillion":0.928239204408705},{"simplified":"曹刚川","traditional":"曹剛川","pinyin":"Cao2 Gang1 chuan1","gloss":"Cao Gangchuan","definition":"Cao Gangchuan (1935-), former artillery officer, senior PRC politician and army leader","perMillion":0.897965338956227},{"simplified":"血气方刚","traditional":"血氣方剛","pinyin":"xue4 qi4 fang1 gang1","gloss":"vigorous","definition":"full of vitality; young and vigorous","perMillion":0.48},{"simplified":"刚玉","traditional":"剛玉","pinyin":"gang1 yu4","gloss":"corundum","definition":"corundum (mineral)","perMillion":0.367376012868056},{"simplified":"刚健","traditional":"剛健","pinyin":"gang1 jian4","gloss":"energetic","definition":"forceful and full of vitality in spirit, character, or artistic style","perMillion":0.347034099765777},{"simplified":"四大金刚","traditional":"四大金剛","pinyin":"si4 da4 jin1 gang1","gloss":"Four Heavenly Kings","definition":"the four Buddhist guardian deities who protect the four cardinal directions; figuratively refers to four powerful or influential people in a group","perMillion":0.311342805758644},{"simplified":"刚劲","traditional":"剛勁","pinyin":"gang1 jing4","gloss":"forceful","definition":"bold, firm, and powerful in style, especially regarding calligraphy, painting, or character","perMillion":0.302260646122901},{"simplified":"刚愎自用","traditional":"剛愎自用","pinyin":"gang1 bi4 zi4 yong4","gloss":"headstrong","definition":"obstinate and self-opinionated","perMillion":0.291585125147553},{"simplified":"以柔克刚","traditional":"以柔克剛","pinyin":"yi3 rou2 ke4 gang1","gloss":"softness subdues strength","definition":"to use softness to conquer strength","perMillion":0.26428553419567},{"simplified":"刚直","traditional":"剛直","pinyin":"gang1 zhi2","gloss":"upright","definition":"upright and outspoken","perMillion":0.243465612691509},{"simplified":"刚体","traditional":"剛體","pinyin":"gang1 ti3","gloss":"rigid body","definition":"an idealized physical body in which deformation is zero or neglected","perMillion":0.241022458637449},{"simplified":"翟志刚","traditional":"翟志剛","pinyin":"Zhai2 Zhi4 gang1","gloss":"Zhai Zhigang","definition":"Zhai Zhigang (1966-), Chinese astronaut","perMillion":0.235445693948835},{"simplified":"刚正不阿","traditional":"剛正不阿","pinyin":"gang1 zheng4 bu4 e1","gloss":"upright","definition":"upright and never stooping to flattery","perMillion":0.206818301880614},{"simplified":"刚正","traditional":"剛正","pinyin":"gang1 zheng4","gloss":"upright","definition":"firm and honest; possessing integrity","perMillion":0.164594226381105},{"simplified":"刚毛","traditional":"剛毛","pinyin":"gang1 mao2","gloss":"bristle","definition":"stiff hair or fiber; bristle","perMillion":0.098310394653574},{"simplified":"刚察县","traditional":"剛察縣","pinyin":"Gang1 cha2 Xian4","gloss":"Gangcha County","definition":"Gangcha County (Tibetan: rkang tsha rdzong) in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai","perMillion":0.0854572798474341},{"simplified":"金刚砂","traditional":"金剛砂","pinyin":"jin1 gang1 sha1","gloss":"abrasive","definition":"a hard substance such as carborundum or emery used for grinding, polishing, or cleaning","perMillion":0.0830141257933745},{"simplified":"外刚内柔","traditional":"外剛內柔","pinyin":"wai4 gang1 nei4 rou2","gloss":"tough yet gentle","definition":"appearing tough or firm on the outside while being gentle or soft-hearted on the inside","perMillion":0.0822705571682259},{"simplified":"刚愎","traditional":"剛愎","pinyin":"gang1 bi4","gloss":"headstrong","definition":"obstinate and self-willed; refusing to listen to others' advice","perMillion":0.0818456608109981},{"simplified":"天刚亮","traditional":"天剛亮","pinyin":"tian1 gang1 liang4","gloss":"daybreak","definition":"daybreak; at the crack of dawn","perMillion":0.06},{"simplified":"刚架","traditional":"剛架","pinyin":"gang1 jia4","gloss":"rigid frame","definition":"rigid frame","perMillion":0.0548647421270351},{"simplified":"刚果河","traditional":"剛果河","pinyin":"Gang1 guo3 He2","gloss":"Congo River","definition":"Congo River","perMillion":0.0531120446534706},{"simplified":"吴永刚","traditional":"吳永剛","pinyin":"Wu2 Yong3 gang1","gloss":"Wu Yonggang","definition":"Wu Yonggang (1907-1982), Chinese film director","perMillion":0.0467917113397076},{"simplified":"金刚怒目","traditional":"金剛怒目","pinyin":"jin1 gang1 nu4 mu4","gloss":"fierce-eyed","definition":"(idiom) to have a face as terrifying as a temple's guardian deity","perMillion":0.0412149466510932},{"simplified":"刚果民主共和国","traditional":"剛果民主共和國","pinyin":"Gang1 guo3 Min2 zhu3 Gong4 he2 guo2","gloss":"DR Congo","definition":"Democratic Republic of Congo","perMillion":0.03},{"simplified":"刚察","traditional":"剛察","pinyin":"Gang1 cha2","gloss":"Gangcha County","definition":"Gangcha County (Tibetan: rkang tsha rdzong) in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai","perMillion":0.0266091343713887},{"simplified":"柔能克刚","traditional":"柔能克剛","pinyin":"rou2 neng2 ke4 gang1","gloss":"softness subdues hardness","definition":"gentleness can overcome strength; the soft can overcome the hard","perMillion":0.0151369327262391},{"simplified":"刚毅木讷","traditional":"剛毅木訥","pinyin":"gang1 yi4 mu4 ne4","gloss":"resolute and taciturn","definition":"Resolute in character but slow and simple in speech.","perMillion":0.00674522967099076},{"simplified":"金刚总持","traditional":"金剛總持","pinyin":"Jin1 gang1 zong3 chi2","gloss":"Vajradhara","definition":"Vajradhara","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"金刚手菩萨","traditional":"金剛手菩薩","pinyin":"Jin1 gang1 shou3 Pu2 sa4","gloss":"Vajrapani","definition":"Vajrapani Bodhisattva","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"金刚杵","traditional":"金剛杵","pinyin":"jin1 gang1 chu3","gloss":"vajra scepter","definition":"A ritual object in Buddhism symbolizing a thunderbolt or diamond scepter.","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"金刚狼","traditional":"金剛狼","pinyin":"Jin1 gang1 lang2","gloss":"Wolverine","definition":"Wolverine, comic book superhero","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"变形金刚","traditional":"變形金剛","pinyin":"Bian4 xing2 jin1 gang1","gloss":"Transformers","definition":"Transformers (franchise)","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"刚柔并济","traditional":"剛柔並濟","pinyin":"gang1 rou2 bing4 ji4","gloss":"flexible yet firm","definition":"to couple strength and gentleness","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"金刚萨埵","traditional":"金剛薩埵","pinyin":"Jin1 gang1 sa4 duo3","gloss":"Vajrasattva","definition":"Vajrasattva","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"金刚鹦鹉","traditional":"金剛鸚鵡","pinyin":"jin1 gang1 ying1 wu3","gloss":"macaw","definition":"macaw","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"刚一","traditional":"剛一","pinyin":"gang1 yi1","gloss":"as soon as","definition":"to be just about to or to have just started to","perMillion":0}],"deletedComponentGlyphs":null,"wordData":{"simplified":"刚","traditional":"剛","senses":[{"id":421773,"simplified":"刚","traditional":"剛","pinyin":"gang1","gloss":"just","definition":"just, barely, or exactly; indicates a short time ago or meeting a precise requirement","example":"我刚到家，外面就下起大雨了。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["d","Ag","v"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":277,"sentenceCount":277,"exampleSentenceHtml":"我刚到家，外面就下起大雨了。"},{"id":421772,"simplified":"刚","traditional":"剛","pinyin":"gang1","gloss":"hard","definition":"hard, firm, or strong in nature or character","example":"他的性格外柔内刚，非常有主见。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["Ag","w","a"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":4,"sentenceCount":4,"exampleSentenceHtml":"他的性格外柔内刚，非常有主见。"}],"references":[],"frequency":{"subtlexPerMillion":324.56,"subtlexContextDiversityPct":71,"bccPerMillion":225.2973100166731,"hsk2Level":4,"hsk3Level":2}}}