Used in formal or written contexts to express prohibition or advice, similar to 不要 bù​yào or 别 bié.

because of; due to; for the reason that

evil; wicked; bad; bad behavior (opposite of 善 shàn)

small; tiny; few; minor; in area, volume, quantity, or power, being less than average or less than the object of comparison; opposite of 大 dà

Connects an adverb-like description to the following verb to show the manner, cause, or basis of an action.

to do; to make; to act; to govern; to manage

Used only in the object position to refer to a person or thing already mentioned, meaning "him", "her", "it", or "them".