to defend established moral principles or a traditional school of thought, specifically the orthodox Confucian tradition in historical contexts

Connects a describing word or phrase to the noun it describes, similar to 的 de but used in formal or literary writing.

(bound form) a person of a certain type, such as a professional or someone with a specific quality; also used as a polite title for a person, such as in 女士 nǚ​shì