- 古 adjectiveancientancient; old; from the distant past; referring to former times as opposed to the present
- vertebrateAny animal of the subphylum Vertebrata, characterized by having a backbone and a highly developed nervous system; includes fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
- 学 學 nounaffixbranch of learning(bound form) a subject or branch of study; often used as a suffix for -logy, -ics, or -science