Historical title for an official responsible for recording historical events, managing national archives, and overseeing astronomy and the calendar.

Historical title used to refer to [[司马迁|司馬遷|si1 ma3 qian1]] and his father [[司马谈|司馬談|si1 ma3 tan2]]; specifically, the name by which [[司马迁|司馬遷|si1 ma3 qian1]] refers to himself in the [[史记|史記|shi3 ji4]]

court historian during the reign of King Xuan of the Zhou dynasty, traditionally credited with inventing Large Seal script