(idiom) extremely sad, as if in mourning for one's parents; often used negatively to describe someone who is distraught or frantic

(literary) deceased mother; also written as [[先母|先母|xian1 mu3]] or [[先慈|先慈|xian1 ci2]]

(literary) deceased father and mother; one's late parents

deceased paternal grandmother; written form used to respectfully refer to one's late grandmother

(literary) a respectful way to refer to one's own deceased mother; my respected late mother

a respectful term for one's deceased mother, used especially in sacrificial rites or on tombstones

(literary) an honorific term used to refer to one's deceased grandmother, especially in formal rituals or on tombstones

to look as if one has lost one's parents; to be deeply grief-stricken