to study; to learn; to gain knowledge or skills

Connects an adverb-like description to the following verb to show the manner, cause, or basis of an action.

(bound form) excellent; superior; of high quality; the opposite of 劣 liè

Used between clauses to show a logical result or consequence, often translated as "then", "in that case", or "consequently".

(bound form) to hold a government office or work as an official; to enter public service