- 孤臣孽子 gūchénnièzǐ wretched outcastA lonely official and a son of a concubine in disgrace; refers to a supporter of a lost cause or someone isolated from power yet remaining loyal. Also written as [[孽子孤臣|孽子孤臣|nie4 zi3 gu1 chen2]].
- 孽子孤臣 nièzǐgūchén wretched outcastson of a concubine and a disgraced official; an isolated person who remains loyal despite being out of power or favor