惩罚
chéng​fá HSK7

punish

惩 chéng punish Simplified

Phonosemantic compound. 心 represents the meaning and 征 represents the sound. Simplified form of 懲.

Components

心
心 Meaning component
xīn, xin heart
征
征 Sound component
zhēng journey

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode

罚 fá penalty Simplified

Simplified form of 罰; to punish 刂 the accused 詈

Components

罒
罒 Meaning component
wǎng net or eye
讠
讠 Meaning component
yán speech
刂
刂 Meaning component
dāo knife

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode

懲 chéng punish Traditional

Components

徵
徵 Sound component
zhēng, zhǐ, chéng invade
心
心 Meaning component
xīn, xin heart

heart

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagartdringm-trəŋ reprove; punish

說文解字

《說文》：“懲，也。从心，徵聲。”

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

罰 fá penalty Traditional

To punish 刂 the accused 詈

Components

罒
罒 Meaning component
wǎng net or eye
言
言 Meaning component
yán speech
刂
刂 Meaning component
dāo knife

Character Evolution

Bronze form
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Warring States ~250 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagartbjot[b][a]t punish

說文解字

《說文》：“罰，辠之小者。从刀，从詈。未以刀有所賊，但持刀罵詈則應罰。”

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)