an official order or decree issued by an emperor or monarch

an imperial letter or decree issued by an emperor to his officials or foreign rulers

An ancient nomadic ethnic group in northern China; also known as the [[铁勒|鐵勒|tie3 le4]].

an imperial order or decree; a mandate from Heaven

to appoint someone to a post, grant land, or confer a title by imperial order

to build a structure, such as a temple or monument, on the orders of an emperor; also written as [[敕造|敕造|chi4 zao4]]

The appointment or bestowal of titles by imperial decree, particularly used in the Tang Dynasty for officials of the sixth rank and below.

an imperial order or decree issued by an emperor

An official document used by an emperor in ancient China to appoint an official or issue a command.

to bury a high-ranking official with a funeral organized and supervised by the emperor's command; in ancient times, this was considered a great honor but often bankrupted the family due to the high costs involved

imperial appointment or bestowal of titles of nobility; (specifically) posthumous titles granted by the Qing court to ancestors and wives of officials below the sixth rank

(literary) to discipline oneself; to be prudent in one's conduct

To build something on the direct command of an emperor or monarch.

an imperial edict or official mandate issued by the emperor

ancient nomadic people of North China and Central Asia during the Northern Dynasties