- 明火执仗 mínghuǒzhízhàng to do evil openlyto carry torches and weapons; to commit crimes or do bad things openly and without fear
- 无明火 wúmínghuǒ furyfury; uncontrollable rage; literally "the fire of ignorance." This term originates from Buddhist texts where "ignorance" ([[无明|無明|wu2 ming2]]) is considered a root of suffering and anger is viewed as a result of that ignorance.
- 明火执杖 mínghuǒzhízhàng to do evil openly(variant form) to commit crimes openly and boldly; to carry torches and weapons when raiding, suggesting a lack of fear of being caught
- 明火持杖 mínghuǒchízhàng to do evil openlyto carry torches and weapons while committing a crime; to act wickedly and without concealment