but; however; yet; still; used to connect sentences or clauses to show a contrast, often used in combination with [[虽然|雖然|sui1 ran2]] or [[尽管|儘管|jin3 guan3]]

used to express affirmation, agreement, or confirmation; that's right; yes

to be exactly; precisely; quite right

to not be; is not; used to express negation

indicates that a situation or state continues to exist as before despite other factors

merely; only; simply; just being something or someone; used to limit the scope of a situation to nothing more than what is mentioned

but; however; yet; used to show a turn in a sentence or thought

truly; really; indeed; used to emphasize a state or quality

always; invariably; all the time

whether or not; if; is it so or not. This is a more formal equivalent to [[是不是|是不是|shi4 bu5 shi4]].

Used in the [[不是|不是|bu4 shi4]] ... ér shì pattern to contrast two ideas, meaning "not A, but rather B".

Used to ask for confirmation or to form a question about whether something is true; is it the case that...; isn't it?

Connects two parts of a sentence to show that the second event follows the first immediately or as a consequence; thereupon; hence; consequently

used to emphasize a specific example or instance within a broader context; specifically

to be precisely or exactly; just the one

used to emphasize that the subject is the true or correct one, often implying a contrast with other possibilities

even more; more than ever before

especially; most of all; in particular; above all

To be considered as; to be regarded as (having a certain quality or status)

if; suppose; in case. Often used in the spoken language, it can be used alone or together with [[的话|的話|de5 hua4]] to express a hypothetical condition.

Used to emphasize that something is really not the case, often to correct a misunderstanding.

Used to connect words or phrases representing alternatives.

in other words; that is to say; i.e.

Used to emphasize that something is exactly or precisely as stated; often similar to [[就是|就是|jiu4 shi4]]

in other words; that is to say; used to restate a point or to introduce a logical conclusion drawn from what was just mentioned

Used to indicate that something is unexpected or contrary to what was expected; actually; contrariwise

if; in the event that; similar to [[如果|如果|ru2 guo3]]

to continue to be; remains; still is

Used at the start of a clause to state a fact or premise from which a conclusion is drawn, meaning "since", "as", or "now that"; also written as [[既然|既然|ji4 ran2]]

every; any; all; whatever. Used to refer to everything within a certain range, often paired with [[都|都|dou1]] or [[总|總|zong3]].

Used to describe a situation or action that happened first, often followed by words like [[后来|後來|hou4 lai2]] or [[然后|然後|ran2 hou4]] in the next part of the sentence

The difference between what is correct and what is incorrect; the truth or facts of a matter

always; constantly; used to describe a continuing action or an unchanging state, often with a tone of complaint or annoyance

that is to say; namely; used to introduce an explanation or clarification of what was just said

to be; to be none other than; specifically used to emphasize the identity of a person or thing, equivalent to [[是|是|shi4]] or [[就是|就是|jiu4 shi4]]

to unexpectedly be; actually be; to be after all. This word is used to express surprise that a person or thing is different from what was expected.

Used for emphasis to mean "is simply not" or "is definitely not"

(idiom) to be practical and realistic; to approach a problem in a rigorous way based on the actual situation rather than exaggeration or theory

to have a great deal of; there is no lack of; to be abundant

Used at the start of a sentence or clause to introduce a hypothetical situation that did not happen, meaning "if it were not for" or "but for"

To believe oneself to be infallible; opinionated and unwilling to accept the ideas or advice of others.

although; even though; even if

(idiom) to be completely without merit; having nothing right or good about it; not a single redeeming feature

(colloquial) used to express sarcasm or disbelief, meaning "as if" or "yeah, right"; often used alone or followed by [[啦|啦|la5]]

(literary) thus; like this; in this way; same as [[如此|如此|ru2 ci3]]

Stubbornly or insistently; used when someone persists in an action or refusal despite persuasion or difficulty.

particle used at the end of a sentence to indicate that something is simple, easy, or that a matter is settled

I'm afraid that; I guess; it is likely that. Used to express a guess or concern about a situation.

naturally; of course; is naturally