indicates that an action or state occurred in the past; once; ever; used as a past tense marker before a verb or clause

hasn't yet; hasn't ever

hasn't (or haven't); hasn't ever

father's father's father; paternal great-grandfather

seemingly familiar or appearing to have been met or seen before

Zeng Qinghong (1939-), vice-president of PRC 2003-2008

Sir Donald Tsang (1944–), the second Chief Executive of Hong Kong (2005–2012)

Zeng Guofan (1811-1872), Qing dynasty politician and military man

it was only a short time ago; just a while before

father's father's mother; paternal great-grandmother

did (one) ever...? (rhetorical question implying 'never')

having seen much of the world and undergone many life changes; widely experienced in the vicissitudes of life

Zeng Jize (1839-1890), pioneer diplomat of the late Qing dynasty who served as imperial commissioner to the UK, France, and Russia

paternal great-grandfather (father of one's paternal grandfather)

Zengzi (505-435 BC), student of Confucius, presumed editor or author of the Confucian classic the Great Learning

Zeng Gong (1019–1083), Song dynasty writer, one of the eight giants [[唐宋八大家|唐宋八大家|Tang2 Song4 ba1 da4 jia1]]

Zengdu District of Suizhou City [[随州市|隨州市|Sui2 zhou1 Shi4]], Hubei

Zeng Pu (1872–1935), Chinese novelist and publisher

Zeng Fanren, president of Shandong University from February 1998 until July 2000

Zeng Xiaogu (1873-1937), actor and pioneer of Chinese drama in New Culture style

great-grandfather (mother's grandfather)

one who has seen the world or reached a high level of expertise is no longer impressed by trivialities or mediocre things

great-grandmother (mother's grandmother)

the daughter of one's [[外孙|外孫|wai4 sun1]]'s child or [[外孙女|外孫女|wai4 sun1 nv3]]'s child; the female child of a grandchild from one's daughter.

Zeng Jinyan (1983-), Chinese blogger and human rights activist, wife of dissident activist Hu Jia [[胡佳|胡佳|Hu2 Jia1]]

Zeng Shen (505-435 BC), a.k.a. Zengzi, student of Confucius, presumed editor or author of Confucian classic the Great Learning