to study nature · natural sciences
- abbreviation of 格物to study phenomenaTo investigate the principles and laws of things; to gain knowledge by exploring the physical world
- abbreviation of 致知to acquire knowledge(literary) to pursue or extend one's knowledge to the utmost; to attain wisdom through the study of things. This concept from the "Great Learning" is often paired with 格物 to describe the process of investigating the world to gain understanding.