横征暴敛 Origin — Dong Chinese Dictionary

héngzhēngbàoliǎn

extortionate taxation

héng across Simplified

Phonosemantic compound. 木 represents the meaning and 黄 represents the sound. Simplified form of 橫.

Components

木 Meaning component

mù tree

黄 Sound component

huáng yellow

說文解字

闌木也。从木黃聲。

Sources

Readings & variants: Unicode
Etymology: Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

zhēng journey

Originally written as 正. Phonosemantic compound. 彳 represents the meaning and 正 represents the sound. In simplified Chinese 征 is also used to mean "invade", while in traditional Chinese this meaning is written with a separate character 徵.

Components

彳 Meaning component

chì, fú walk

彳 is a component form of 行.

正 Sound Iconic component

zhèng, zheng, zhēng correct

Depicts a foot walking towards a city.

Character Evolution

Oracle form — Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC

Bronze form — Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC

Bronze form — Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC

Bronze form — Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC

Bronze form — Bronze Early Spring and Autumn ~700 BC

Bronze form — Bronze Early Spring and Autumn ~700 BC

Seal form — Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC

Seal form — Seal Shuowen ~100 AD

Seal form — Seal Shuowen ~100 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD

Regular Modern

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Component uses

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

Historical Pronunciations

	Middle Chinese	Old Chinese	Gloss
Baxter-Sagart	tsyeng	teŋ	to correct; to go on a punitive expedition

說文解字

《說文》：“，正行也。从辵，正聲。征，或从彳。”

Sources

Character origin: 漢語多功能字庫季旭昇《說文新證》p.121
Readings & variants: Unicode
Historical pronunciations: Baxter-Sagart
Historical images: Academia Sinica
Etymology: Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

bào violent

Original meaning: expose to sun

Depicts two hands (共) laying out rice (米) to dry under the sun (日), representing the meaning "expose to sun", now written as 曝. The meaning later shifted to "expose", "injure", and "violent".

Components

日 Iconic component

rì sun

共 Iconic component

gòng together with

Depicts two hands.

米 Iconic component

mǐ rice

Change in form

Due to historical stylistic changes, this component is less similar to 米 than it was in ancient scripts.

Character Evolution

Oracle form — Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC

Oracle form — Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC

Oracle form — Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC

Bronze form — Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC

Seal form — Seal Shuowen ~100 AD

Regular Modern

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Component uses

Sound (2 of 3 verified)

Meaning (0 of 1 verified)

Historical Pronunciations

	Middle Chinese	Old Chinese	Gloss
Baxter-Sagart	bawH	[b]ˤawk-s	violent
	buwk	m-pˤawk	expose to sun

說文解字

《說文》：“曓，疾有所趣也。从日出廾之。”

Sources

Character origin: 漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants: Unicode
Historical pronunciations: Baxter-Sagart
Historical images: Academia Sinica
Etymology: Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

liǎn, liàn, lián draw back Simplified

Phonosemantic compound. 攵 represents the meaning and 佥 represents the sound. Simplified form of 斂.

Components

攵 Meaning component

pū tap

攵 is a component form of 攴.

佥 Sound component

qiān together

Component uses

Sound (0 of 2 verified)

Sources

Readings & variants: Unicode

héng across Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. 木 represents the meaning and 黃 represents the sound.

Components

木 Meaning component

mù tree

黃 Sound component

huáng yellow

Character Evolution

Seal form — Seal Shuowen ~100 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD

Regular Modern

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Historical Pronunciations

	Middle Chinese	Old Chinese	Gloss
Baxter-Sagart	hwæng	C.ɡʷˤraŋ	crosswise; horizontal
Zhengzhang		ɡʷraːŋ
		ɡʷraːŋs
		kʷaːŋ
Unicode	huæng
	guɑ̀ng

Sources

Readings & variants: Unicode
Historical pronunciations: Baxter-Sagart Zhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images: Academia Sinica

draw back Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. 攵 represents the meaning and 僉 represents the sound.

Components

攵 Meaning component

pū tap

攵 is a component form of 攴.

僉 Sound component

together

Character Evolution

Bronze form — Bronze Late Warring States ~250 BC

Seal form — Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC

Seal form — Seal Shuowen ~100 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Qin 221-206 BC

Clerical form — Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD

Clerical form — Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD

Regular Modern

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Component uses

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

Historical Pronunciations

	Middle Chinese	Old Chinese	Gloss
Baxter-Sagart	ljemX	[r][a]mʔ	gather
	ljemH	[r][a]m-s	dress a corpse
Zhengzhang		ɡ·ramʔ
		ɡ·rams
Unicode	liɛ̀m
	liɛ̌m

說文解字

收也。从攴僉聲。

Sources

Readings & variants: Unicode
Historical pronunciations: Baxter-Sagart Zhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images: Academia Sinica
Etymology: Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)