- 此 determinerthisthis; these; (literary) the thing or person nearby, similar to 这
- 起 particleverbto riseto get up; to stand up; to rise (as in the sun, wind, or waves); to get out of bed
- 彼 verbthatthat; those; the other; often used in contrast with 此 meaning "this"
- 落 verbparticleto fallto fall; to drop; to go down; (of the sun or moon) to set; (of a tide) to go out; to decline; to sink