the citizens or people of a nation or region; those who belong to a society and have corresponding rights and duties

peasant; farmer; person engaged in agricultural labor; also written [[农人|農人|nong2 ren2]]

resident; inhabitant; person living in a specific area

city resident; townspeople; urban dweller

a stable social community formed through a shared history, language, territory, or culture; nationality; nation

official currency of the People's Republic of China; abbreviated as RMB or CNY

(abbreviation) the people's police; a police officer. Short for [[人民警察|人民警察|ren2 min2 jing3 cha2]].

democracy; democratic rights; a political system or principle where the people have the power to participate in state affairs

a person who lives in a village

a person who has the nationality of a specific country and enjoys the rights and obligations granted by its laws

among the people; popular; of the common people

run by citizens, collectives, or individuals rather than the state

the common people; the populace; the general public

The Kuomintang (KMT) or Nationalist Party, which governed mainland China before 1949 and remains a major political party in Taiwan.

A worker from a rural area who moves to a city to find work, typically in construction or service industries.

A person who has moved to a new place or foreign country to settle there; a settler.

the collective sum of production, distribution, and consumption activities within a country or region; includes both industrial sectors and non-productive sectors like education and healthcare

ethnic minority; national minority; minority nationality

the whole people; all the citizens of a country

a person who has the nationality of a specific country; a citizen

Jiang Zemin (1926-2022), general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (1989-2002) and president of China (1993-2003)

the Chinese people as a whole; a collective term for all 56 ethnic groups in China, including ethnic minorities and the Han people

A worker from a rural area who moves to a city to find work; peasant worker.

A state organ in China responsible for exercising judicial power; includes the Supreme People's Court, local courts, and specialized courts.

internet user; member of the online community

Abbreviation for the China Association for Promoting Democracy, [[中国民主促进会|中國民主促進會|zhong1 guo2 min2 zhu3 cu4 jin4 hui4]].

ordinary people or commoners, usually in contrast to those with privilege; civilians in contrast to the military

Relating to civil law and private legal matters rather than criminal ones; often used in contexts like legal cases, disputes, or courts.

Short form of [[民用航空|民用航空|min2 yong4 hang2 kong1]]; civil aviation

To establish and manage by local people, collectives, or individuals rather than the government

The living conditions, life, and well-being of the common people

people's militia or a member of such an organization; refers to armed forces made up of civilians who maintain their regular jobs during peacetime

Governmental administrative affairs directly related to people's welfare and social needs, including marriage registration, disaster relief, social welfare, and local administrative zoning

individual investor who opens an account at a stock exchange to trade stocks; shareholder or stock trader

The official newspaper of the Chinese Communist Party, first published in 1948.

for civilian use; civil; intended for the general public rather than the military

the central bank of the People's Republic of China, often abbreviated as the PBOC

the Great Hall of the People, located on the edge of Tiananmen Square in Beijing

person or group of people who make a living by fishing; fisherfolk

The state organs through which the people exercise state power in China, including the National People's Congress and local congresses at various levels.

a person who has the right to vote in an election; the electorate or constituency as a whole

popular will; the wishes and opinions of the masses

popular customs and traditions of the common people

the military and the people; army and civilians; soldiers and the masses

People's Liberation Army (PLA); the unified armed forces of the People's Republic of China.

A person who participates in gambling by purchasing lottery tickets or prize coupons.

short for [[中华民国|中華民國|zhong1 hua2 min2 guo2]]; the Republic of China founded in 1912