- 炼丹家 liàndānjiā alchemistalchemist; practitioner of alchemy
- 炼丹术 liàndānshù alchemyThe ancient practice of concocting magic pills for immortality or spiritual transformation; divided into the physical processing of minerals and herbs, known as [[外丹术|外丹術|wai4 dan1 shu4]], and the later internal practice involving meditation and breathing, known as [[内丹术|內丹術|nei4 dan1 shu4]].