after that; afterwards; shows that an event happens after another, often used following words like [[先|先|xian1]] or [[首先|首先|shou3 xian1]]

certainly; without doubt; used to express strong affirmation

although; even though; despite the fact that; often used in the first part of a sentence and followed by [[但是|但是|dan4 shi4]], [[可是|可是|ke3 shi4]], or [[却|卻|que4]] in the second part

suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly; all of a sudden

Occurring in conformity with the ordinary course of nature; not artificial or man-made.

indicates that a situation remains unchanged; as before

however; but; yet; often used in formal or written Chinese to show a contrast with what was previously stated

unexpectedly; to one's surprise; going so far as to; same as [[竟然|竟然|jing4 ran2]]

still; as before; remaining the same as in the past

unexpectedly; to one's surprise; actually; used to express that something happened contrary to expectations

obviously; clearly; manifest; easy to see or understand

now that; as; since this is the case. Used in the first part of a sentence to state a fact or premise, which is then followed by a logical conclusion or suggestion in the second part, often using [[就|就|jiu4]] or [[那么|那麼|na4 me5]]

otherwise; if not; or else

really; sure enough; used to show that the actual situation matches what was expected

certain to happen; unavoidable; bound to occur

suddenly; all of a sudden; indicates that an event happens quickly and unexpectedly

occurring or produced in nature; not man-made; innate or natural by birth

combustible gas found in underground rock formations or coal beds, used as fuel or raw material in chemical production

accidental; fortuitous; by chance; randomly

otherwise; or else; if not

Used to acknowledge a fact before introducing a contrast, often followed by [[但|但|dan4]], [[但是|但是|dan4 shi4]], or [[不过|不過|bu4 guo4]]; admittedly; granted that

nature; the natural world; Mother Nature

tranquil and calm; unconcerned or showing a lack of interest in something

already; has already happened

quietly; in a silent or stealthy manner

calm and unperturbed; open and honest with a clear conscience

suddenly or abruptly; describes an action that is quick and unexpected

bewildered; confused or disconcerted, not knowing what to do

proper and to be expected as a matter of course; right and inevitable according to reason

The study of the physical world and its phenomena, including fields such as physics, chemistry, and biology

natural disaster; calamity caused by natural forces such as floods, droughts, or earthquakes

to do something openly or brazenly; without any attempt at concealment or shame

in an instant; suddenly; used to describe an event happening very quickly and unexpectedly

(literary) used to describe a sight or event that is sudden, striking, or shocking; strikingly obvious; prominently

to let things happen naturally; to follow the natural course of events without interference

resolutely; firmly; without hesitation

nature; the physical world consisting of all living things and non-living matter

suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly

safe and sound; free from danger or trouble; peaceable

entirely different; separated by a wide gap like black and white

even if; even though; used to express a hypothetical situation, similar to [[即使|即使|ji2 shi3]]

Literary word meaning just like, as if, or in the manner of.

happening naturally or automatically; without external influence or forced effort; spontaneously

completely; entirely; totally

To not consider something to be right or correct; to disagree with or object to a certain view.

dim; faint; losing luster or lacking brightness

suddenly; unexpectedly; abruptly or precipitously

suddenly; all of a sudden; unexpectedly

Legal term for a human being as a distinct individual from birth until death, as opposed to a [[法人|法人|fa3 ren2]].