láo​yù

prison

láo prison

Original meaning: pen; fence

Depicts an animal, such as a cow (), trapped around an animal's fence ().

Components

Iconic component
mián roof

Originally a pictograph of an animal pen. Later reanalyzed as (roof).

Iconic component
niú cow

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld Chinese
Zhengzhangruː
Unicodelɑu

說文解字

《說文》:“牢,閑,養牛馬圈也。从牛,冬省,取其四周帀也。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Zhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica

prison Simplified

Simplified form of . Picture of two fighting dogs (, ) facing each other and barking (), depicting a legal dispute related to a crime.

Components

Iconic component
quǎn dog

is a component form of .

Meaning component
yán speech

is a component form of .

Iconic component
quǎn dog

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫李学勤《字源》p.884
Readings & variants
Unicode

prison Traditional

Picture of two fighting dogs (, ) facing each other and barking (), depicting a legal dispute related to a crime.

Components

Iconic component
quǎn dog

is a component form of .

Meaning component
yán speech
Iconic component
quǎn dog

Character Evolution

Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Three Kingdoms (Cao Wei) 222-280 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagartngjowk[ŋ]rok lawsuit; prison

說文解字

《說文》:“獄,确也。从,从言。二犬,所以守也。”

Sources

Character origin
李学勤《字源》p.884漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica