The material progress and tangible achievements of human society; contrasted with 精神文明 jīng​shén​wén​míng

Connects two nouns or noun phrases, meaning "and" or "together with"; in Taiwan, often pronounced as "hàn" in spoken usage.

The cultural and moral progress of a society, including its ideology, ethics, education, and art. Often used in contrast to 物质文明 wù​zhì​wén​míng.