microorganism; microbe

The science that deals with the study of living organisms and their relationships to the environment.

bioengineering; genetic engineering; the application of engineering principles and technology to biological systems for the purpose of improving organisms or creating new ones

The internal rhythm and cyclical timing of a living organism's activities; also called [[生物节律|生物節律|sheng1 wu4 jie2 lu:4]] or [[生理时钟|生理時鐘|sheng1 li3 shi2 zhong1]].

a complex product derived from simpler source material, particularly in chemistry

the branch of science that uses chemical principles and methods to study living systems and their chemical processes

the total mass of living organisms in a given area or volume; organic matter used as a fuel source

Weapon that uses harmful organisms, such as bacteria or viruses, to cause large-scale harm to humans, animals, or plants; also called [[细菌武器|細菌武器|xi4 jun1 wu3 qi4]]

General term for any living organism in the sea, including plants and animals; marine creatures; sea life

organism; a living thing such as an animal, plant, or bacterium

ancient life or organisms from past geological ages that are now mostly extinct; fossil

A nitrogenous organic compound found in plants and some animals that usually has a bitter taste and toxic or medicinal properties

The scientific study of microscopic organisms

the total weight or quantity of living organisms within a specific area or ecosystem

Minute organisms that float or drift in fresh or salt water with little to no power of self-propulsion; includes tiny algae, bacteria, and larvae of larger creatures like crustaceans and fish

The global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including the natural environments they inhabit such as parts of the atmosphere, water, and earth.

paleontologist; paleobiologist

The interdependent chain formed by animals, plants, and microorganisms that provide food or nutrients for one another

the realm of living organisms; the biosphere

parasitic animal or plant that lives in or on another organism and gets its nutrients from it

Electricity produced in living organisms, such as during nerve conduction or muscle contraction; used to monitor organ health via [[心电图|心電圖|xin1 dian4 tu2]] and [[脑电图|腦電圖|nao3 dian4 tu2]]

The study of life in prehistoric times through the analysis of plant and animal fossils; also called [[化石学|化石學|hua4 shi2 xue2]].

biological or germ warfare; military operations that use bacteria, viruses, or other toxins to kill or incapacitate people, livestock, and crops

biocommunity; biocenosis; a group of interacting organisms living together in a specific habitat

scientist specializing in biochemistry

biological product; any product such as a vaccine, serum, or antitoxin derived from living organisms and used to prevent, diagnose, or treat disease

the collection of living organisms found in a specific region, formed by the interaction of climate, soil, and other environmental factors; often refers to distinct biological communities or biofacies

Light produced by living organisms through the oxidation of specific substances like luciferin, found in creatures such as fireflies and certain deep-sea animals

the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms

A device that uses biological materials to detect chemical substances; biosensor

biospecificity; the property of a substance to act only on a specific biological target

organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy

The study of the process by which animals and plants grow and develop

an organism consisting of only one cell; a monad

the scientific study of organisms in the ocean

defensive measures against biological warfare

a catastrophic event causing the widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity of life on Earth; a great extinction of species

variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or in the world

a protist; any member of the kingdom Protista, which includes diverse eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi

parasite that lives inside its host; endoparasite

biological diversity; the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem

The production of complex organic substances within a living cell.

the production and emission of light by a living organism; bioluminescence or noctilucence

prokaryotic cell type microorganism