- 直立茎 zhílìjīng erect stemA plant stem that grows vertically upward and does not lean or trail.
- 直立人 zhílìrén Homo erectusExtinct species of human from the Pleistocene epoch that was able to walk upright and use tools
- 蓝田直立人 lántiánzhílìrén Lantian Mansubspecies of Homo erectus discovered in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province in 1963