A city under the direct jurisdiction of the central government; in mainland China, this refers to [[北京|北京|bei3 jing1]], [[天津|天津|tian1 jin1]], [[上海|上海|shang4 hai3]], and [[重庆|重慶|chong2 qing4]], while in Taiwan, it refers to cities like [[台北|臺北|tai2 bei3]] and [[高雄|高雄|gao1 xiong2]]

municipality directly under the central government; province-level city, specifically [[北京|北京|bei3 jing1]], [[天津|天津|tian1 jin1]], [[上海|上海|shang4 hai3]], and [[重庆|重慶|chong2 qing4]]