破瓦寒窑
pò​wǎ​hán​yáo

hovel

破 pò break

Phonosemantic compound. 石 represents the meaning and 皮 represents the sound.

Components

石
石 Meaning component
shí stone
皮
皮 Sound component
pí skin
Change in sound

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartphaHpʰˤaj-s break (v.)

說文解字

《說文》：“破，石碎也。从石，皮聲。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

瓦 wǎ earthenware

Pictograph of an object related to pottery.

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Meaning (3 of 13 verified)

瓶瓷瓮甄甑瓯瓴瓿甓甏甍甕甌

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

佤

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartngwaeXC.ŋʷˤra[j]ʔ roof tile

說文解字

《說文》：“瓦，土器已燒之總名。象形。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

寒 hán cold

Depicts a person (人) under a roof (宀) surrounding himself with grass bedding (茻) to try to stay warm in the cold weather. The 冫 (ice) component was added later.

Components

宀
宀 Iconic component
mián roof
茻
茻 Iconic component
mǎng, mǔ vegetation, overgrown weeds

Depicts grass bedding.

Change in form
Due to historical stylistic changes, this component is less similar to 茻 than it was in ancient scripts.
人
人 Iconic component
rén, ren person

Depicts a person trying to stay warm.

Change in form
Due to historical stylistic changes, this component is less similar to 人 than it was in ancient scripts.
冫
冫 Meaning component
bīng ice

Character Evolution

Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

蹇

Remnant (0 of 1 verified)

蹇

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagarthanCə.[g]ˤa[n] cold

說文解字

《說文》：“寒，凍也。从人在宀下，以茻薦覆之，下有仌。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

窑 yáo kiln Simplified

An oven 穴 where pots 缶 are fired; 缶 also provides the pronunciation

Components

穴
穴 Meaning component
xué, jué cave
缶
缶 SoundMeaning component
fǒu pottery

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode

窯 yáo kiln Traditional

An oven 穴 where lamb 羔 is cooked; 羔 also provides the pronunciation

Components

穴
穴 Meaning component
xué, jué cave
羔
羔 SoundMeaning component
gāo lamb

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Old Chinese
Zhengzhangluː

說文解字

燒瓦竈也。从穴羔聲。

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Zhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)