破胆
pò​dǎn

terrified

破 pò break

Phonosemantic compound. 石 represents the meaning and 皮 represents the sound.

Components

石
石 Meaning component
shí stone
皮
皮 Sound component
pí skin
Change in sound

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartphaHpʰˤaj-s break (v.)

說文解字

《說文》：“破，石碎也。从石，皮聲。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

胆 dǎn gall bladder Simplified

Phonosemantic compound. ⺼ represents the meaning and 旦 represents the sound. Simplified form of 膽.

Components

⺼
⺼ Meaning component
ròu meat, flesh

⺼ is a component form of 肉.

旦
旦 Sound component
dàn dawn

Historical Pronunciations

Old Chinese
Zhengzhangdaːn
daːn

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Zhengzhang Shangfang

膽 dǎn gall bladder Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. ⺼ represents the meaning and 詹 represents the sound.

Components

⺼
⺼ Meaning component
ròu meat, flesh

⺼ is a component form of 肉.

詹
詹 Sound component
zhān, dàn talk too much

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagarttamX[t]ˤamʔgall
Zhengzhangtaːmʔ
Unicodedɑ̌m

說文解字

連肝之府。从肉詹聲。

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-SagartZhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)