- 繁文缛节 fánwénrùjié red tapeunnecessarily elaborate writing or ceremony; convoluted and overelaborate procedures or etiquette
- 繁文缛礼 fánwénrùlǐ red tapeunnecessary formalities and over-elaborate ceremonies that hinder progress
- 繁文末节 fánwénmòjié red tapeunnecessary formalities and minor details that impede progress or efficiency; tedious and trivial procedures