- 耶律阿保机 yēlǜ'ābǎojī Yelü AbaojiFounder and first emperor of the Liao Dynasty (872-926), known for unifying the Khitan tribes, creating a writing system, and establishing law and administration.
- 耶律休哥 yēlǜxiūgē Yelü XiugeGeneral of the Liao dynasty (died 998) known for his military strategy and battlefield successes during the conflicts with the Song dynasty over the Sixteen Prefectures.
- 耶律大石 yēlǜdàshí Yelü DashiYelü Dashi (1087-1143), a Chinese-educated Khitan leader and the founder of the Western Liao dynasty in Central Asia.
- 耶律楚材 yēlǜchǔcái Yelü ChucaiYelü Chucai (1190-1244), a Khitan statesman and advisor to the Mongol Empire; he was instrumental in establishing administrative systems and taxation in north China, steering the Mongols away from mass destruction of the population.