- 花鼓戏 huāgǔxì flower-drum operaA type of local opera popular in provinces along the Yangtze River like Hunan, Hubei, and Anhui, which developed from folk songs and dances.
- 中国花鼓 zhōngguóhuāgǔ Tambourin Chinoistitle of a well-known musical composition for violin and piano by Fritz Kreisler
- 凤阳花鼓 fèngyánghuāgǔ Fengyang flower-drum danceA traditional folk dance and song from the Fengyang region of Anhui province, which evolved from Ming dynasty songs; typically features performers singing folk tunes while playing drums and gongs with lively rhythms.