- to eat(bound form) to eat; to swallow; to chew
- 古 adjectiveancientancient; old; from the distant past; referring to former times as opposed to the present
- 涵 nounverbto contain(bound form) to contain; to include; to embody; also used in 包涵 to mean showing tolerance or forbearance
- modernmodern; contemporary (as opposed to ancient 古 )