- 内蒙古 nèiměnggǔ Inner MongoliaInner Mongolia Autonomous Region in North China; its capital is [[呼和浩特|呼和浩特|hu1 he2 hao4 te4]]
- 内蒙古自治区 nèiměnggǔzìzhìqū Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionInner Mongolia Autonomous Region, located in northern China; its capital is [[呼和浩特|呼和浩特|hu1 he2 hao4 te4]]
- 蒙古族 měnggǔzú Mongol ethnic groupthe Mongolian people; the Mongol ethnic minority, primarily residing in Inner Mongolia and neighboring provinces of China as well as in Mongolia
- 蒙古包 měnggǔbāo yurtyurt; a traditional portable round tent used by Mongolians and other nomadic groups in Central Asia
- 蒙古人 měnggǔrén Mongol personA person from Mongolia or of Mongol ethnicity; a Mongol
- 内蒙古大学 nèiměnggǔdàxué Inner Mongolia UniversityInner Mongolia University; the first comprehensive university established in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
- 外蒙古 wàiměnggǔ Outer MongoliaOuter Mongolia; the Republic of Mongolia. Historically refers to the northern region of the Mongolian plateau, often used to distinguish from Inner Mongolia or [[内蒙古|內蒙古|nei4 meng3 gu3]].
- 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州 bāyīnguōléngměnggǔzìzhìzhōu Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous PrefectureBayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region [[新疆维吾尔自治区|新疆維吾爾自治區|xin1 jiang1 wei2 wu2 er3 zi4 zhi4 qu1]]
- 海西蒙古族藏族自治州 hǎixīměnggǔzúzàngzúzìzhìzhōu Haixi PrefectureHaixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, an area in Qinghai Province [[青海省|青海省|qing1 hai3 sheng3]]
- 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 bó'ěrtǎlāměnggǔzìzhìzhōu Bortala Mongol Autonomous PrefectureBortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region [[新疆维吾尔自治区|新疆維吾爾自治區|xin1 jiang1 wei2 wu2 er3 zi4 zhi4 qu1]]
- 蒙古文 měnggǔwén the Mongolian languageThe written language of the Mongolian people; specifically, the script based on the Old Uyghur alphabet written vertically from top to bottom and left to right.
- 阜新蒙古族自治县 fùxīnměnggǔzúzìzhìxiàn Fuxin Mongol Autonomous CountyFuxin Mongol autonomous county in [[阜新|阜新|fu4 xin1]], Liaoning Province
- 杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县 dù'ěrbótèměnggǔzúzìzhìxiàn Dorbod Mongol autonomous countyDorbod Mongol autonomous county in Daqing, Heilongjiang province
- 围场满族蒙古族自治县 wéichǎngmǎnzúměnggǔzúzìzhìxiàn Weichang Manchu and Mongol autonomous countyWeichang Manchu and Mongol autonomous county in [[承德|承德|cheng2 de2]], Hebei Province
- 前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县 qiánguō'ěrluósīměnggǔzúzìzhìxiàn Qianguo'erluosi Mongol Autonomous CountyQian Gorlos Mongol autonomous county in Songyuan [[松原|松原|song1 yuan2]], Jilin province
- 河南蒙古族自治县 hénánměnggǔzúzìzhìxiàn Henan Mongol Autonomous CountyHenan Mongol Autonomous County in [[黄南藏族自治州|黃南藏族自治州|huang2 nan2 zang4 zu2 zi4 zhi4 zhou1]], Qinghai Province
- 喀喇沁左翼蒙古族自治县 kālǎqìnzuǒyìměnggǔzúzìzhìxiàn Harqin Left Mongol Autonomous CountyHarqin Left Mongol Autonomous County in Chaoyang, Liaoning Province
- 肃北蒙古族自治县 sùběiměnggǔzúzìzhìxiàn Subei Mongol Autonomous CountySubei Mongol Autonomous County in Jiuquan [[酒泉|酒泉|jiu3 quan2]], Gansu
- 蒙古国 měnggǔguó Mongoliathe country of Mongolia, located between China and Russia
- 蒙古地方 ménggǔdìfāng Mongolia Areahistorical administrative division referring to Outer Mongolia during the Republic of China period
- 蒙古大夫 měnggǔdàifu quack doctora medical quack or charlatan; used as a mocking term for an unskilled or incompetent doctor
- 蒙古人种 měnggǔrénzhǒng Mongoloid raceMongoloid or yellow race; historically used to describe populations originating from East Asia, Southeast Asia, Siberia, and the Americas, often characterized by straight black hair and prominent cheekbones
- 和布克赛尔蒙古自治县 hébùkèsài'ěrměnggǔzìzhìxiàn Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous CountyHoboksar Mongol Autonomous County in Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang; also known as Qobuqsar Mongghul aptonom nahiyisi
- 蒙古沙雀 ménggǔshāquè Mongolian finch(bird species of China) Mongolian finch (Bucanetes mongolicus)
- 蒙古沙鸻 měnggǔshāhéng lesser sand plovera bird species of China, also known as the Siberian sand plover (Anarhynchus mongolus)
- 蒙古症 měnggǔzhèng Down syndrome(dated, offensive) Down syndrome; a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome 21, resulting in developmental delays and distinct facial features. Historically called mongolism. Also known as [[唐氏综合症|唐氏綜合症|tang2 shi4 zong1 he2 zheng4]]
- 蒙古症患者 měnggǔzhènghuànzhě person with Down syndromea person affected by Down syndrome; often considered offensive in modern usage
- 蒙古百灵 ménggǔbǎilíng Mongolian larkMongolian lark (Melanocorypha mongolica), a species of lark native to East Asia and Mongolia
- 蒙古羚 měnggǔlíng Mongolian gazellea medium-sized antelope native to the grasslands of Mongolia and northern China, characterized by tan fur and a white patch on its rump
- 蒙古语 měnggǔyǔ MongolianMongolian language; the language of the Mongol people
- 蒙古里 měnggǔlǐ Mongol(archaic) Mongol
- 蒙古黄鼠 měnggǔhuángshǔ Mongolian ground squirrelMongolian ground squirrel (Spermophilus pallidicauda), a species of rodent native to the grasslands of Mongolia and northern China
- 蒙古人民共和国 měnggǔrénmíngònghéguó Mongolian People's RepublicFormer name of the sovereign state of Mongolia used between 1924 and 1992