- 包柔氏螺旋体 bāoróushìluóxuántǐ BorreliaBorrelia; genus of spirochaete bacteria
- 包氏螺旋体 bāoshìluóxuántǐ BorreliaBorrelia, a genus of bacteria that includes the species responsible for Lyme disease and relapsing fever
- 钩端螺旋体病 gōuduānluóxuántǐbìng leptospirosisan infectious disease caused by Leptospira bacteria, often transmitted to humans by water contaminated by animal urine