The person in charge of a large organization, such as a company, bank, or political party; chief executive officer; director-general

person who acts as an official or judge in sports and other competitions

vice president of a company, vice-chairman of an organization, deputy governor of a bank, or vice director-general of a political party

penalty or coercive measure such as economic or legal pressure used to enforce compliance

to settle a dispute through an authoritative third party, or the process of doing so

To resolve a dispute or issue a penalty through legal, arbitration, or administrative proceedings; a formal decision or judgment made by such authorities

to make a legal ruling or decree, especially by a court during the course of a trial or execution of a judgment

to lay off employees; to cut staff levels in a company or organization

person who makes or repairs clothing; dressmaker

To cut cloth or paper according to a specific size or pattern; to tailor a garment.

referee, umpire, or judge in a competition; person who enforces rules and decides the winner

System of government in which absolute power is held by a single person or a small group; despotism

to reduce military forces or armaments

person who holds absolute power and rules with total authority; autocrat

to reduce, cut down, or trim, such as personnel, equipment, or budgets

to adopt an original approach; to display unique creativity or ideas that break from tradition; to hit on something new

to cut cloth or paper according to a pattern or measurements for tailoring or crafting; the process of doing so

style, form, or genre of a literary work; the structural category of a piece of writing. Literary examples include fiction, poetry, prose, and drama; functional examples include narrative, argumentative, and expository writing. Often compared with [[题材|題材|ti2 cai2]].

literally meaning to cut cloth according to the person's body; used to describe acting according to actual circumstances or fitting the solution to the problem

to dissolve or abolish an organization, department, or office; to eliminate job positions

A shop where clothes are made or altered for customers.

(literary) to take one's own life; to kill oneself

to make a final judgment; to weigh options and reach a decision

to display originality; to do things in a unique or unconventional way. This idiom originally referred to creating poetry or art with a unique style, but now describes any novel or ingenious idea or method.

to cut out and make clothes or garments

to consider and then decide how to handle a situation or legal matter; to judge and settle a case

To cut out cloth for making clothing; to tailor or sew garments

to downsize and consolidate; usually refers to the reduction and merging of organizations or government departments

Historical legal privilege where citizens of powerful nations living in semi-colonial countries were exempt from local laws, instead being subject to the laws and legal authority of their own country's consuls; often established through unequal treaties.

to weed out the superfluous or unqualified; to trim staff by cutting and eliminating redundancies

(bound form) an original idea, design, or conception, often used in literature, art, or architecture; typically appears in the phrase [[别出心裁|別出心裁|bie2 chu1 xin1 cai2]]

to consider the facts of a situation and make a final decision or judgment

A person approved by an international sports organization who is qualified to serve as a referee in international competitions.

The person who leads the referee team and manages officiating work during a competition; head judge.

trimmer; paper cutter

To carefully arrange and cut multiple items of clothing from a single piece of cloth to maximize the use of the material

to reduce the number of soldiers or military personnel; disarmament

to cut down, abolish, or cancel (as an organization or regulation)

a tool used for cutting paper, cloth, or wooden boards; a paper cutter or trimmer

(formal) to weigh and consider matters in order to make a judgment call or decision

the primary official or presiding judge in a sporting competition or judicial proceeding

to preside over a game as the head official; to umpire; to officiate

the chief official in a sports match or competition; umpire

A person appointed to settle a dispute; someone who performs the work of arbitration.

To give or issue a formal ruling; to make a decision in a legal or official capacity.

(literary) to judge and decide what to keep and what to discard

(literary) high-minded judgment or wise decision; used in formal letters as a polite way to ask for someone's decision or advice

a legal system where citizens participate in trials as jurors to determine the facts of a case; the national lay judge system

To serve as a referee, umpire, or judge in a game, match, or competition